A trade union (or labor union) is an organization of workers formed to protect and advance their common interests, such as wages, working conditions, and job security, primarily through collective bargaining with employers. Trade unions serve as a collective voice for employees, negotiating employment contracts, providing legal representation, and engaging in political advocacy related to labor rights and social policies. Historically, unions emerged during industrialization to counterbalance employer power, and they play a central role in labor movements globally. Their functions extend beyond bargaining to include member education, mutual aid, and solidarity actions such as strikes. The structure and influence of trade unions vary widely across countries, influenced by legal frameworks, economic systems, and cultural attitudes toward labor organization.
Trade Unions
Overview
Overview / Introduction
Definition, core functions, historical purpose, and global prevalence of trade unions.
History / Origins
Chronological evolution from medieval guilds through industrialization to modern unionism and legal frameworks.
Core Concepts / Fundamentals
Foundational principles including collective bargaining, union democracy, solidarity, and workers' rights.
Structure / Anatomy / Components
Organizational architecture: local unions, national federations, members, officers, and union funds.
Types / Classifications
Categorization by membership, political alignment, and economic orientation: craft, industrial, general, company, and yellow unions.
Applications / Use Cases
Real-world roles in wage negotiations, job security, political advocacy, and social welfare.
Criticism / Controversies / Limitations
Analysis of critiques regarding economic rigidity, political overreach, bureaucracy, and declining membership.
Future Directions / Research
Emerging trends in digital organizing, gig economy adaptation, global solidarity, and legal challenges.